The proceedings of the conference titled "Fifth Turkology Studies: National and Contemporary Educational Necessity," held at Khazar University on December 26, 2025, have been published. In his article titled "A Turkologist's View on Educational Issues: Past and Present," Khazar University's founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors and Trustees, Prof. Acad. Hamlet Isakhanli, presents a detailed analysis of the educational institutions that existed in the Middle Ages and in the early periods of Islam, the European and Russian periods in education, and the Azerbaijani education system during the period of independence, and shares his own views on this subject. An extensive bibliography is provided for detailed information on the achievements and challenges of the education system in the Republic of Azerbaijan.